Prostatitis refers to a disparate group of disorders that presents with a combination of irritative or obstructive urinary symptoms and perineal pain. Some result from bacterial infection of the prostate gland and others from a poorly understood combination of noninfectious inflammatory factors and/or spasm of the muscles of the urogenital diaphragm. Diagnosis is clinical, along with microscopic examination and culture of urine samples obtained before and after prostate massage. Treatment is with a fluoroquinolone if the cause is bacterial. Nonbacterial causes are treated with warm sitz baths, muscle relaxants, and anti-inflammatory drugs or anxiolytics.
In sexually active men, Chlamydia trachomatis is the most frequent causative microbe, followed by E. coli and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The infection can spread to epididymis. If left untreated, it can cause infertility.
Microscopically, a sperm looks like a pollywog, having a round head and a long thin wail. Varieties of reasons cause the deaths of sperms; when the death rate of sperm exceeds 50%, sterility will be caused, which is medically called azoospermia.
Bacteria in urethra can get into prostate, spermatophore, spermaduct, epididymis, testicle through ejaculatory duct and cause inflammatory pathological changes.
After being produced, sperms move to epididymis first and then to spermatophore through spermaduct. Spermatophore can secrets seminal vesicle fluid which contains nutrient substance needed by sperms for their existence.
When the bacteria reproduce in genital tract, they secrete some hazardous substance which is harmful to sperms. For example, acidic substance secreted by bacteria reduces the PH value in male genital tract, which causes acidosis of sperms. On the other hand, bacterial reproduction consumes abundant of nutriments and nutrient substance needed by sperms, which destroys the environment of sperms and leads them to death.
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